Nairobi National Park Birds - Nairobi National Park

Nairobi National Park (NNP), located on the outskirts of Kenya’s bustling capital, is home to a remarkable diversity of birdlife. According to Avibase and BirdLife International, the park hosts an impressive 531 bird species across 87 families. Some of the most prominent bird families in NNP include Anatidae (ducks, geese), Accipitridae (hawks, eagles, and vultures), and Ploceidae (weavers). Despite the rich avian diversity, none of the species are endemic to the park.

In terms of conservation status, NNP harbors a range of threatened species, including 7 endangered, 5 critically endangered, and 11 vulnerable species. No species are classified as extinct within the park, highlighting the importance of ongoing conservation efforts to protect these vital bird populations.

Birds at NNP

Nairobi National Park (NNP) is a unique haven for avian biodiversity, located just a short distance from Nairobi’s bustling metropolis. This proximity to urban development has not significantly diminished the park’s ecological importance, as it remains home to a remarkable variety of bird species. According to Avibase and BirdLife International, the park supports 531 bird species across 87 families, making it a critical refuge for both resident and migratory species.

Here is the table in a format that you can easily copy and paste:

Family	Number of Species
Struthionidae	1
Anatidae	16
Numididae	1
Phasianidae	8
Phoenicopteridae	2
Podicipedidae	2
Columbidae	13
Pteroclidae	2
Otididae	4
Musophagidae	2
Cuculidae	12
Caprimulgidae	5
Apodidae	8
Sarothruridae	2
Rallidae	9
Heliornithidae	1
Gruidae	1
Burhinidae	3
Recurvirostridae	3
Charadriidae	11
Rostratulidae	1
Jacanidae	1
Scolopacidae	13
Turnicidae	1
Glareolidae	4
Laridae	7
Ciconiidae	8
Anhingidae	1
Phalacrocoracidae	2
Pelecanidae	2
Balaenicipitidae	1
Scopidae	1
Ardeidae	16
Threskiornithidae	5
Sagittariidae	1
Pandionidae	1
Accipitridae	36
Tytonidae	1
Strigidae	6
Coliidae	2
Trogonidae	1
Upupidae	1
Phoeniculidae	3
Bucorvidae	1
Bucerotidae	5
Alcedinidae	6
Meropidae	5
Coraciidae	7
Lybiidae	13
Indicatoridae	5
Picidae	7
Falconidae	13
Psittacidae	1
Campephagidae	2
Oriolidae	3
Platysteiridae	1
Vangidae	1
Malaconotidae	7
Dicruridae	1
Monarchidae	1
Laniidae	7
Corvidae	2
Paridae	2
Remizidae	1
Alaudidae	7
Macrosphenidae	2
Cisticolidae	10
Acrocephalidae	10
Locustellidae	5
Hirundinidae	7
Pycnonotidae	6
Phylloscopidae	2
Sylviidae	3
Zosteropidae	3
Leiothrichidae	2
Buphagidae	2
Sturnidae	8
Turdidae	5
Muscicapidae	10
Nectariniidae	16
Ploceidae	15
Estrildidae	6
Viduidae	6
Passeridae	11
Motacillidae	9
Fringillidae	8
Emberizidae	3

Dominant Bird Species at NNP

Here are some details of the dominant bird families in Nairobi National Park, focusing on those with the highest number of species:

Top 15 Bird Families At Nairobi National Park And Their Species Count — Top 15 Bird Families at Nairobi National Park and Their Species Count

. Dominant bird families include Anatidae (ducks, geese, and waterfowl), Accipitridae (eagles, hawks, and vultures), Ardeidae (herons and egrets), and Ploceidae (weavers), all of which contribute a significant number of species to the park’s bird population. These families are easily spotted during game drives due to their prevalence and visibility in both wetlands and open savannah. Despite this diversity, no species are endemic to NNP, reflecting its role as part of a broader East African ecosystem. However, several species, including vultures and cranes, are classified as endangered or critically endangered, underscoring the importance of ongoing conservation efforts within the park.

1. Accipitridae (36 species)

Overview: The Accipitridae family is one of the most diverse and includes many raptors like hawks, eagles, and kites. These birds are known for their keen eyesight, powerful talons, and strong, hooked beaks.
Key Species:
- African Fish-Eagle (Icthyophaga vocifer)
- Martial Eagle (Polemaetus bellicosus) – Endangered. Read about how Lewa Conservancy is working to save this species.
- Bateleur (Terathopius ecaudatus) – Endangered

Dominance: Raptors from this family dominate the skies over the park, playing a key role in controlling prey populations. Their adaptability to various habitats within the park makes them some of the most frequently observed birds.
These raptors thrive in NNP due to its ample prey and open hunting grounds. However, some species, such as the critically endangered White-headed Vulture and Rüppell’s Griffon, highlight the conservation challenges facing scavenger species across Africa.
Notable Species & Conservation Status:
- White-backed Vulture (Gyps africanus) – CR (Critically Endangered)
- Rüppell’s Griffon (Gyps rueppelli) – CR (Critically Endangered)
- Lappet-faced Vulture (Torgos tracheliotos) – EN (Endangered)
- Martial Eagle (Polemaetus bellicosus) – EN (Endangered)
- Bateleur (Terathopius ecaudatus) – EN (Endangered)
- Tawny Eagle (Aquila rapax) – VU (Vulnerable)

2. Ardeidae (16 species)

Overview: This family consists of herons, egrets, and bitterns, typically found around water bodies. They are excellent hunters, often seen waiting patiently for fish or small animals near wetlands.
Key Species:
- Goliath Heron (Ardea goliath)
- Black-headed Heron (Ardea melanocephala)
- Great Egret (Ardea alba)
Dominance: Members of the Ardeidae family are dominant around the park’s wetlands and rivers, particularly the Athi River, which runs through Nairobi National Park. Their long legs and necks make them well-adapted to wading in shallow waters to hunt.
Notable Species & Conservation Status:
- Goliath Heron (Ardea goliath) – Not globally threatened but important as the largest heron species.
- Malagasy Pond-Heron (Ardeola idae) – EN (Endangered)

3. Ploceidae (15 species)

Overview: Known as the weavers, Ploceidae are small, colorful birds that are prolific nest builders. They are often found in colonies and are known for their intricately woven nests.
Key Species:
- Village Weaver (Ploceus cucullatus)
- Speke’s Weaver (Ploceus spekei)
- Baglafecht Weaver (Ploceus baglafecht)
- Jackson’s Widowbird (Euplectes jacksoni) – NT (Near Threatened)
Dominance: Ploceidae are one of the most noticeable families in Nairobi National Park due to their social behavior and vibrant colors. Their colonies are often seen near water sources or woodlands where they build their nests.

4. Muscicapidae (10 species)

Overview: This family includes the Old World flycatchers and chats. They are typically insectivorous and have varied habitats, from forests to grasslands.
Key Species:
- Spotted Flycatcher (Muscicapa striata)
- White-eyed Slaty-Flycatcher (Melaenornis fischeri)
- African Dusky Flycatcher (Muscicapa adusta)
Notable Species & Conservation Status:
- Red-footed Falcon (Falco vespertinus) – VU (Vulnerable)
- Sooty Falcon (Falco concolor) – VU (Vulnerable)
Dominance: The diversity within this family allows its members to occupy various niches within the park, making them common across different types of habitats, particularly woodlands and open scrub.

5. Estrildidae (10 species)

Overview: Estrildids are commonly known as finches and waxbills. These small, seed-eating birds are known for their gregarious behavior and their presence in grasslands and scrubby areas.
Key Species:
- Common Waxbill (Estrilda astrild)
- Crimson-rumped Waxbill (Estrilda rhodopyga)
- Zebra Waxbill (Amandava subflava)
Dominance: Estrildidae birds are abundant in open grasslands of Nairobi National Park, often seen in flocks feeding on grass seeds. Their small size and prolific breeding make them one of the most widespread bird families in the park.
Notable Species & Conservation Status:
- Black-tailed Godwit (Limosa limosa) – NT (Near Threatened)
- Great Snipe (Gallinago media) – NT (Near Threatened)
- Curlew Sandpiper (Calidris ferruginea) – NT (Near Threatened)
These birds are highly vulnerable to wetland degradation due to their reliance on specific habitats for breeding and feeding.

6. Falconidae (13 species)

Overview: The Falconidae family includes falcons and caracaras, known for their speed, particularly in flight. Falcons are skilled aerial hunters, often preying on smaller birds and insects.
Key Species:
- Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)
- Lanner Falcon (Falco biarmicus)
- Pygmy Falcon (Polihierax semitorquatus)
Dominance: Falcons, particularly the Peregrine Falcon, are dominant raptors in the park’s open spaces, often seen soaring or diving at high speeds in pursuit of prey. Their adaptability allows them to thrive in various habitats, including grasslands and open woodlands.
Notable Species & Conservation Status:
- Most cisticolas are not globally threatened, but they play a vital role in grassland ecosystems as insect predators

7. Scolopacidae (13 species)

Overview: This family includes sandpipers, snipes, and curlews, which are often found around wetlands and mudflats. They are migratory and feed on invertebrates they probe from the mud with their long bills.
Key Species:
- Common Sandpiper (Actitis hypoleucos)
- Curlew Sandpiper (Calidris ferruginea) – Near-threatened
- Ruff (Calidris pugnax)
Dominance: Scolopacidae are dominant in Nairobi National Park’s wetland areas during the migration season, where they forage in the mudflats along riverbanks and other water sources.
Notable Species & Conservation Status:
- None of the Lybiidae species in Nairobi National Park are currently listed as threatened.

8. Cisticolidae (10 species)

Overview: Commonly known as cisticolas or warblers, this family includes small, often nondescript birds found in open habitats like grasslands. They are known for their repetitive, whistling songs.
Key Species:
- Rattling Cisticola (Cisticola chiniana)
- Winding Cisticola (Cisticola marginatus)
- Zitting Cisticola (Cisticola juncidis)
Dominance: Cisticolidae species dominate the grasslands of Nairobi National Park. They are some of the most vocal and active small birds, often heard before they are seen.
None of the bee-eater species in Nairobi National Park are globally threatened.

9. Meropidae (6 species)

Overview: Meropidae, or bee-eaters, are highly colorful, agile birds known for their acrobatic aerial feeding, primarily on insects like bees and dragonflies.
Key Species:
- White-throated Bee-eater (Merops albicollis)
- Little Bee-eater (Merops pusillus)
- European Bee-eater (Merops apiaster)
Dominance: The bright colors and aerial feeding behavior of bee-eaters make them stand out in Nairobi National Park. They are typically found in open spaces near water bodies and along forest edges. None of the Picidae species in the park are under global threat.
Notable Species & Conservation Status:
- Lesser Flamingo (Phoeniconaias minor) – NT (Near Threatened)
While flamingos are more common in larger soda lakes outside the park, Lesser Flamingos may occasionally visit Nairobi National Park. Their near-threatened status is largely due to habitat destruction and pollution of wetlands.

10. Lybiidae (13 species)

Overview: Known as barbets, Lybiidae are stout, colorful birds that are important for seed dispersal, as they feed on fruit and insects. They are named for their bristle-like feathers around their beaks.
Key Species:
- Red-and-yellow Barbet (Trachyphonus erythrocephalus)
- Spot-flanked Barbet (Tricholaema lacrymosa)
- White-headed Barbet (Lybius leucocephalus)
Dominance: Barbets are among the most visually striking birds in the park and are often found in trees where they feed on fruits. Their distinctive calls and colorful plumage make them easy to spot, even in dense woodland areas.

These dominant bird families not only highlight the diversity of species within Nairobi National Park but also reflect the varied habitats available for both resident and migratory birds. The park’s combination of wetlands, open grasslands, and woodlands provides a unique ecosystem that supports this incredible avian diversity.

List of all Bird Species at NNP

Here is a detailed list of bird families found in Nairobi National Park, along with all the bird species under each family:

1. Struthionidae (Ostriches)

Common Ostrich (Struthio camelus)

2. Anatidae (Ducks, Geese, and Swans)

White-faced Whistling-Duck (Dendrocygna viduata)
Fulvous Whistling-Duck (Dendrocygna bicolor)
White-backed Duck (Thalassornis leuconotus)
Knob-billed Duck (Sarkidiornis melanotos)
Egyptian Goose (Alopochen aegyptiaca)
Spur-winged Goose (Plectropterus gambensis)
Garganey (Spatula querquedula)
Blue-billed Teal (Spatula hottentota)
Northern Shoveler (Spatula clypeata)
African Black Duck (Anas sparsa)
Yellow-billed Duck (Anas undulata)
Cape Teal (Anas capensis)
Red-billed Duck (Anas erythrorhyncha)
Northern Pintail (Anas acuta)
Green-winged Teal (Anas crecca)
Southern Pochard (Netta erythrophthalma)

3. Numididae (Guineafowl)

Helmeted Guineafowl (Numida meleagris)

4. Phasianidae (Pheasants, Grouse, and Allies)

Crested Francolin (Ortygornis sephaena)
Coqui Francolin (Campocolinus coqui)
Shelley’s Francolin (Scleroptila shelleyi)
Common Quail (Coturnix coturnix)
Harlequin Quail (Coturnix delegorguei)
Hildebrandt’s Spurfowl (Pternistis hildebrandti)
Scaly Spurfowl (Pternistis squamatus)
Yellow-necked Spurfowl (Pternistis leucoscepus)

5. Phoenicopteridae (Flamingos)

Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus)
Lesser Flamingo (Phoeniconaias minor) [Near-threatened]

6. Podicipedidae (Grebes)

Little Grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis)
Eared Grebe (Podiceps nigricollis)

7. Columbidae (Pigeons and Doves)

Rock Pigeon (Columba livia)
Speckled Pigeon (Columba guinea)
Rameron Pigeon (Columba arquatrix)
Delegorgue’s Pigeon (Columba delegorguei)
Lemon Dove (Aplopelia larvata)
Dusky Turtle-Dove (Streptopelia lugens)
Red-eyed Dove (Streptopelia semitorquata)
Ring-necked Dove (Streptopelia capicola)
Laughing Dove (Spilopelia senegalensis)
Emerald-spotted Wood-Dove (Turtur chalcospilos)
Tambourine Dove (Turtur tympanistria)
Namaqua Dove (Oena capensis)
African Green-Pigeon (Treron calvus)

8. Pteroclidae (Sandgrouse)

Yellow-throated Sandgrouse (Pterocles gutturalis)
Black-faced Sandgrouse (Pterocles decoratus)

9. Otididae (Bustards)

Kori Bustard (Ardeotis kori) [Near-threatened]
White-bellied Bustard (Eupodotis senegalensis)
Black-bellied Bustard (Lissotis melanogaster)
Hartlaub’s Bustard (Lissotis hartlaubii)

10. Musophagidae (Turacos)

Hartlaub’s Turaco (Tauraco hartlaubi)
White-bellied Go-away-bird (Crinifer leucogaster)

11. Cuculidae (Cuckoos)

White-browed Coucal (Centropus superciliosus)
Black Coucal (Centropus grillii)
Great Spotted Cuckoo (Clamator glandarius)
Levaillant’s Cuckoo (Clamator levaillantii)
Pied Cuckoo (Clamator jacobinus)
Thick-billed Cuckoo (Pachycoccyx audeberti)
Dideric Cuckoo (Chrysococcyx caprius)
Klaas’s Cuckoo (Chrysococcyx klaas)
African Emerald Cuckoo (Chrysococcyx cupreus)
Black Cuckoo (Cuculus clamosus)
Red-chested Cuckoo (Cuculus solitarius)
African Cuckoo (Cuculus gularis)
Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus)

12. Caprimulgidae (Nightjars)

Eurasian Nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus)
Sombre Nightjar (Caprimulgus fraenatus)
Montane Nightjar (Caprimulgus poliocephalus)
Plain Nightjar (Caprimulgus inornatus)
Freckled Nightjar (Caprimulgus tristigma)

13. Apodidae (Swifts)

Mottled Swift (Tachymarptis aequatorialis)
Common Swift (Apus apus)
Nyanza Swift (Apus niansae)
African Swift (Apus barbatus)
Little Swift (Apus affinis)
Horus Swift (Apus horus)
White-rumped Swift (Apus caffer)
African Palm Swift (Cypsiurus parvus)

14. Sarothruridae (Flufftails)

Red-chested Flufftail (Sarothrura rufa)
Streaky-breasted Flufftail (Sarothrura boehmi)

15. Rallidae (Rails, Gallinules, and Coots)

African Rail (Rallus caerulescens)
Corn Crake (Crex crex)
African Crake (Crex egregia)
Lesser Moorhen (Paragallinula angulata)
Eurasian Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus)
Red-knobbed Coot (Fulica cristata)
Allen’s Gallinule (Porphyrio alleni)
African Swamphen (Porphyrio madagascariensis)
Striped Crake (Amaurornis marginalis)
Black Crake (Zapornia flavirostra)

16. Heliornithidae (Finfoots)

African Finfoot (Podica senegalensis)

17. Gruidae (Cranes)

Gray Crowned-Crane (Balearica regulorum) [Endangered]

18. Burhinidae (Thick-knees)

Spotted Thick-knee (Burhinus capensis)
Water Thick-knee (Burhinus vermiculatus)
Eurasian Thick-knee (Burhinus oedicnemus) [Rare/Accidental]

19. Recurvirostridae (Stilts and Avocets)

Black-winged Stilt (Himantopus himantopus)
Pied Avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta)

20. Charadriidae (Plovers and Lapwings)

Pacific Golden-Plover (Pluvialis fulva)
Common Ringed Plover (Charadrius hiaticula)
Three-banded Plover (Charadrius tricollaris)
Little Ringed Plover (Charadrius dubius)
Long-toed Lapwing (Vanellus crassirostris)
Blacksmith Lapwing (Vanellus armatus)
Spur-winged Lapwing (Vanellus spinosus)
Black-winged Lapwing (Vanellus melanopterus)
Crowned Lapwing (Vanellus coronatus)
Caspian Plover (Anarhynchus asiaticus)
Tibetan Sand-Plover (Anarhynchus atrifrons)
Kittlitz’s Plover (Anarhynchus pecuarius)
Chestnut-banded Plover (Anarhynchus pallidus)

21. Rostratulidae (Painted-Snipes)

Greater Painted-Snipe (Rostratula benghalensis)

22. Jacanidae (Jacanas)

African Jacana (Actophilornis africanus)

23. Scolopacidae (Sandpipers and Allies)

Black-tailed Godwit (Limosa limosa) [Near-threatened]
Great Snipe (Gallinago media) [Near-threatened]
African Snipe (Gallinago nigripennis)
Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago)
Red Phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius) [Rare/Accidental]
Terek Sandpiper (Xenus cinereus)
Common Sandpiper (Actitis hypoleucos)
Green Sandpiper (Tringa ochropus)
Marsh Sandpiper (Tringa stagnatilis)
Wood Sandpiper (Tringa glareola)
Spotted Redshank (Tringa erythropus)
Common Greenshank (Tringa nebularia)
Ruff (Calidris pugnax)
Curlew Sandpiper (Calidris ferruginea) [Near-threatened]
Temminck’s Stint (Calidris temminckii)
Sanderling (Calidris alba)
Little Stint (Calidris minuta)
Pectoral Sandpiper (Calidris melanotos) [Rare/Accidental]

24. Turnicidae (Buttonquails)

Small Buttonquail (Turnix sylvaticus)

25. Glareolidae (Pratincoles and Coursers)

Bronze-winged Courser (Rhinoptilus chalcopterus)
Temminck’s Courser (Cursorius temminckii)
Black-winged Pratincole (Glareola nordmanni) [Rare/Accidental, Near-threatened]
Collared Pratincole (Glareola pratincola)

26. Laridae (Gulls, Terns, and Skimmers)

Black-headed Gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus)
Gray-hooded Gull (Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus)
Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus)
African Skimmer (Rynchops flavirostris)
Gull-billed Tern (Gelochelidon nilotica)
Whiskered Tern (Chlidonias hybrida)
White-winged Tern (Chlidonias leucopterus)

27. Ciconiidae (Storks)

African Openbill (Anastomus lamelligerus)
Black Stork (Ciconia nigra)
Abdim’s Stork (Ciconia abdimii)
African Woolly-necked Stork (Ciconia microscelis)
White Stork (Ciconia ciconia)
Saddle-billed Stork (Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis)
Marabou Stork (Leptoptilos crumenifer)
Yellow-billed Stork (Mycteria ibis)

28. Anhingidae (Darters)

African Darter (Anhinga rufa)

29. Phalacrocoracidae (Cormorants and Shags)

Long-tailed Cormorant (Microcarbo africanus)
Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo)

30. Pelecanidae (Pelicans)

Great White Pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus)
Pink-backed Pelican (Pelecanus rufescens)

31. Balaenicipitidae (Shoebill)

Shoebill (Balaeniceps rex) [Rare/Accidental, Vulnerable]

32. Scopidae (Hamerkop)

Hamerkop (Scopus umbretta)

33. Ardeidae (Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns)

Dwarf Bittern (Ixobrychus sturmii)
Little Bittern (Ixobrychus minutus)
Black-crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax)
Little Egret (Egretta garzetta)
Western Reef-Heron (Egretta gularis)
White-backed Night Heron (Calherodius leuconotus)
Striated Heron (Butorides striata)
Squacco Heron (Ardeola ralloides)
Malagasy Pond-Heron (Ardeola idae) [Endangered]
Western Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis)
Great Egret (Ardea alba)
Yellow-billed Egret (Ardea brachyrhyncha)
Gray Heron (Ardea cinerea)
Purple Heron (Ardea purpurea)
Black-headed Heron (Ardea melanocephala)
Goliath Heron (Ardea goliath)

34. Threskiornithidae (Ibises and Spoonbills)

Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus)
African Sacred Ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus)
Hadada Ibis (Bostrychia hagedash)
African Spoonbill (Platalea alba)

35. Sagittariidae (Secretarybird)

Secretarybird (Sagittarius serpentarius) [Endangered]

36. Pandionidae (Ospreys)

Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)

37. Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles, and Kites)

Black-winged Kite (Elanus caeruleus)
African Harrier-Hawk (Polyboroides typus)
Palm-nut Vulture (Gypohierax angolensis)
Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus) [Endangered]
European Honey-buzzard (Pernis apivorus)
African Cuckoo-Hawk (Aviceda cuculoides)
White-headed Vulture (Trigonoceps occipitalis) [Critically Endangered]
Lappet-faced Vulture (Torgos tracheliotos) [Endangered]
Hooded Vulture (Necrosyrtes monachus) [Rare/Accidental, Critically Endangered]
White-backed Vulture (Gyps africanus) [Critically Endangered]
Rüppell’s Griffon (Gyps rueppelli) [Critically Endangered]
Bateleur (Terathopius ecaudatus) [Endangered]
Black-chested Snake-Eagle (Circaetus pectoralis)
Brown Snake-Eagle (Circaetus cinereus)
Bat Hawk (Macheiramphus alcinus)
Crowned Eagle (Stephanoaetus coronatus) [Near-threatened]
Martial Eagle (Polemaetus bellicosus) [Endangered]
Long-crested Eagle (Lophaetus occipitalis)
Lesser Spotted Eagle (Clanga pomarina)
Greater Spotted Eagle (Clanga clanga) [Vulnerable]
Wahlberg’s Eagle (Hieraaetus wahlbergi)
Booted Eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus)
Ayres’s Hawk-Eagle (Hieraaetus ayresii)
Tawny Eagle (Aquila rapax) [Vulnerable]
Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis) [Endangered]
Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) [Vulnerable]
Verreaux’s Eagle (Aquila verreauxii)
African Hawk-Eagle (Aquila spilogaster)
Lizard Buzzard (Kaupifalco monogrammicus)
Dark Chanting-Goshawk (Melierax metabates)
Eastern Chanting-Goshawk (Melierax poliopterus)
Gabar Goshawk (Micronisus gabar)
Grasshopper Buzzard (Butastur rufipennis)
Western Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus)
African Marsh Harrier (Circus ranivorus)
Pallid Harrier (Circus macrourus) [Near-threatened]
Montagu’s Harrier (Circus pygargus)
African Goshawk (Accipiter tachiro)
Shikra (Accipiter badius)
Little Sparrowhawk (Accipiter minullus)
Rufous-breasted Sparrowhawk (Accipiter rufiventris)
Black Goshawk (Accipiter melanoleucus)
Black Kite (Milvus migrans)
African Fish-Eagle (Icthyophaga vocifer)
Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo)
Long-legged Buzzard (Buteo rufinus)
Augur Buzzard (Buteo augur)

38. Tytonidae (Barn-Owls)

Barn Owl (Tyto alba)

39. Strigidae (Owls)

Eurasian Scops-Owl (Otus scops)
Spotted Eagle-Owl (Bubo africanus)
Verreaux’s Eagle-Owl (Ketupa lactea)
Pearl-spotted Owlet (Glaucidium perlatum)
African Wood-Owl (Strix woodfordii)
Marsh Owl (Asio capensis)

40. Coliidae (Mousebirds)

Speckled Mousebird (Colius striatus)
Blue-naped Mousebird (Urocolius macrourus)

41. Trogonidae (Trogons)

Narina Trogon (Apaloderma narina)

42. Upupidae (Hoopoes)

Eurasian Hoopoe (Upupa epops)

43. Phoeniculidae (Woodhoopoes and Scimitarbills)

Violet Woodhoopoe (Phoeniculus damarensis)
White-headed Woodhoopoe (Phoeniculus bollei)
Common Scimitarbill (Rhinopomastus cyanomelas)
Abyssinian Scimitarbill (Rhinopomastus minor)

44. Bucorvidae (Ground-Hornbills)

Southern Ground-Hornbill (Bucorvus leadbeateri) [Vulnerable]

45. Bucerotidae (Hornbills)

African Gray Hornbill (Lophoceros nasutus)
Von der Decken’s Hornbill (Tockus deckeni)
Northern Red-billed Hornbill (Tockus erythrorhynchus)
Silvery-cheeked Hornbill (Bycanistes brevis)

46. Alcedinidae (Kingfishers)

Malachite Kingfisher (Corythornis cristatus)
African Pygmy Kingfisher (Ispidina picta)
Gray-headed Kingfisher (Halcyon leucocephala)
Striped Kingfisher (Halcyon chelicuti)
Giant Kingfisher (Megaceryle maxima)
Pied Kingfisher (Ceryle rudis)

47. Meropidae (Bee-eaters)

Little Bee-eater (Merops pusillus)
Cinnamon-chested Bee-eater (Merops oreobates)
White-throated Bee-eater (Merops albicollis)
Blue-cheeked Bee-eater (Merops persicus)
Madagascar Bee-eater (Merops superciliosus)
European Bee-eater (Merops apiaster)
Northern Carmine Bee-eater (Merops nubicus)

48. Coraciidae (Rollers)

European Roller (Coracias garrulus)
Abyssinian Roller (Coracias abyssinicus)
Lilac-breasted Roller (Coracias caudatus)
Rufous-crowned Roller (Coracias naevius)
Broad-billed Roller (Eurystomus glaucurus)

49. Lybiidae (African Barbets)

Red-and-yellow Barbet (Trachyphonus erythrocephalus)
D’Arnaud’s Barbet (Trachyphonus darnaudii)
Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird (Pogoniulus bilineatus)
Red-fronted Tinkerbird (Pogoniulus pusillus)
Red-fronted Barbet (Tricholaema diademata)
Spot-flanked Barbet (Tricholaema lacrymosa)
Black-throated Barbet (Tricholaema melanocephala)
White-headed Barbet (Lybius leucocephalus)

50. Indicatoridae (Honeyguides)

Green-backed Honeyguide (Prodotiscus zambesiae)
Wahlberg’s Honeyguide (Prodotiscus regulus)
Pallid Honeyguide (Indicator meliphilus)
Lesser Honeyguide (Indicator minor)
Scaly-throated Honeyguide (Indicator variegatus)
Greater Honeyguide (Indicator indicator)

51. Picidae (Woodpeckers)

Eurasian Wryneck (Jynx torquilla)
Rufous-necked Wryneck (Jynx ruficollis)
Bearded Woodpecker (Chloropicus namaquus)
Cardinal Woodpecker (Dendropicos fuscescens)
Brown-backed Woodpecker (Dendropicos obsoletus)
Mountain Gray Woodpecker (Dendropicos spodocephalus)
Nubian Woodpecker (Campethera nubica)
Golden-tailed Woodpecker (Campethera abingoni)

52. Falconidae (Falcons and Caracaras)

Pygmy Falcon (Polihierax semitorquatus)
Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni)
Eurasian Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)
Greater Kestrel (Falco rupicoloides)
Dickinson’s Kestrel (Falco dickinsoni)
Red-footed Falcon (Falco vespertinus) [Vulnerable]
Amur Falcon (Falco amurensis)
Eleonora’s Falcon (Falco eleonorae)
Sooty Falcon (Falco concolor) [Vulnerable]
Eurasian Hobby (Falco subbuteo)
African Hobby (Falco cuvierii)
Lanner Falcon (Falco biarmicus)
Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

53. Psittacidae (African and New World Parrots)

Meyer’s Parrot (Poicephalus meyeri)

54. Campephagidae (Cuckooshrikes)

Gray Cuckooshrike (Coracina caesia)
Black Cuckooshrike (Campephaga flava)

55. Oriolidae (Old World Orioles)

Eurasian Golden Oriole (Oriolus oriolus)
African Golden Oriole (Oriolus auratus)
African Black-headed Oriole (Oriolus larvatus)

56. Platysteiridae (Wattle-eyes and Batises)

Chinspot Batis (Batis molitor)

57. Vangidae (Vangas, Helmetshrikes, and Allies)

White Helmetshrike (Prionops plumatus)

58. Malaconotidae (Bushshrikes)

Brubru (Nilaus afer)
Black-backed Puffback (Dryoscopus cubla)
Black-crowned Tchagra (Tchagra senegalus)
Brown-crowned Tchagra (Tchagra australis)
Tropical Boubou (Laniarius major)
Slate-colored Boubou (Laniarius funebris)
Sulphur-breasted Bushshrike (Telophorus sulfureopectus)
Gray-headed Bushshrike (Malaconotus blanchoti)

59. Dicruridae (Drongos)

Fork-tailed Drongo (Dicrurus adsimilis)

60. Monarchidae (Monarch Flycatchers)

African Paradise-Flycatcher (Terpsiphone viridis)

61. Laniidae (Shrikes)

Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio)
Red-tailed Shrike (Lanius phoenicuroides)
Isabelline Shrike (Lanius isabellinus) [Rare/Accidental]
Lesser Gray Shrike (Lanius minor)
Long-tailed Fiscal (Lanius cabanisi)
Taita Fiscal (Lanius dorsalis)
Northern Fiscal (Lanius humeralis)
White-rumped Shrike (Eurocephalus ruppelli)

62. Corvidae (Crows, Jays, and Magpies)

Cape Crow (Corvus capensis)
Pied Crow (Corvus albus)

63. Paridae (Tits, Chickadees, and Titmice)

White-bellied Tit (Melaniparus albiventris)
Red-throated Tit (Melaniparus fringillinus)

64. Remizidae (Penduline Tits)

African Penduline-Tit (Anthoscopus caroli)

65. Alaudidae (Larks)

Fischer’s Sparrow-Lark (Eremopterix leucopareia)
Fawn-colored Lark (Calendulauda africanoides)
Rufous-naped Lark (Mirafra africana)
White-tailed Lark (Mirafra albicauda)
Singing Bushlark (Mirafra javanica)
Red-capped Lark (Calandrella cinerea)
Somali Short-toed Lark (Alaudala somalica)
Short-tailed Lark (Spizocorys fremantlii)

66. Macrosphenidae (African Warblers)

Red-faced Crombec (Sylvietta whytii)
Moustached Grass-Warbler (Melocichla mentalis)

67. Cisticolidae (Cisticolas and Allies)

Yellow-bellied Eremomela (Eremomela icteropygialis)
Greencap Eremomela (Eremomela scotops)
Black-collared Apalis (Oreolais pulcher)
Green-backed Camaroptera (Camaroptera brachyura)
Buff-bellied Warbler (Phyllolais pulchella)
Yellow-breasted Apalis (Apalis flavida)
Gray Apalis (Apalis cinerea)
Tawny-flanked Prinia (Prinia subflava)
Gray-capped Warbler (Eminia lepida)
Red-faced Cisticola (Cisticola erythrops)
Singing Cisticola (Cisticola cantans)
Rattling Cisticola (Cisticola chiniana)
Winding Cisticola (Cisticola marginatus)
Stout Cisticola (Cisticola robustus)
Croaking Cisticola (Cisticola natalensis)
Siffling Cisticola (Cisticola brachypterus)
Zitting Cisticola (Cisticola juncidis)
Desert Cisticola (Cisticola aridulus)
Pectoral-patch Cisticola (Cisticola brunnescens)

68. Acrocephalidae (Reed Warblers and Allies)

Eastern Olivaceous Warbler (Iduna pallida)
African Yellow-Warbler (Iduna natalensis)
Upcher’s Warbler (Hippolais languida)
Icterine Warbler (Hippolais icterina)
Sedge Warbler (Acrocephalus schoenobaenus)
Marsh Warbler (Acrocephalus palustris)
Common Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus scirpaceus)
Basra Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus griseldis) [Endangered]
Lesser Swamp Warbler (Acrocephalus gracilirostris)
Great Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus)

69. Locustellidae (Grassbirds and Allies)

River Warbler (Locustella fluviatilis)
Fan-tailed Grassbird (Catriscus brevirostris)
Highland Rush Warbler (Bradypterus centralis)

70. Hirundinidae (Swallows)

White-headed Sawwing (Psalidoprocne albiceps)
Black Sawwing (Psalidoprocne pristoptera)
Gray-rumped Swallow (Pseudhirundo griseopyga)
Banded Martin (Neophedina cincta)
Plain Martin (Riparia paludicola)
Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia)
Rock Martin (Ptyonoprogne fuligula)
Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica)
Angola Swallow (Hirundo angolensis)
Wire-tailed Swallow (Hirundo smithii)
Western House-Martin (Delichon urbicum)
Red-rumped Swallow (Cecropis daurica)
Lesser Striped Swallow (Cecropis abyssinica)
Mosque Swallow (Cecropis senegalensis)

71. Pycnonotidae (Bulbuls)

Sombre Greenbul (Andropadus importunus)
Yellow-bellied Greenbul (Chlorocichla flaviventris)
Yellow-whiskered Greenbul (Eurillas latirostris)
Northern Brownbul (Phyllastrephus strepitans)
Gray-olive Greenbul (Phyllastrephus cerviniventris)
Cabanis’s Greenbul (Phyllastrephus cabanisi)
Common Bulbul (Pycnonotus barbatus)

72. Phylloscopidae (Leaf Warblers)

Wood Warbler (Phylloscopus sibilatrix)
Willow Warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus)

73. Sylviidae (Sylviid Warblers)

Eurasian Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla)
Garden Warbler (Sylvia borin)
Barred Warbler (Curruca nisoria)
Banded Parisoma (Curruca boehmi)
Brown Parisoma (Curruca lugens)
Greater Whitethroat (Curruca communis)

74. Zosteropidae (White-eyes, Yuhinas, and Allies)

Pale White-eye (Zosterops flavilateralis)
Kikuyu White-eye (Zosterops kikuyuensis) [Endemic to country/region]
Northern Yellow White-eye (Zosterops senegalensis)

75. Leiothrichidae (Laughingthrushes and Allies)

Rufous Chatterer (Argya rubiginosa)
Northern Pied-Babbler (Turdoides hypoleuca)

76. Buphagidae (Oxpeckers)

Red-billed Oxpecker (Buphagus erythrorynchus)
Yellow-billed Oxpecker (Buphagus africanus)

77. Sturnidae (Starlings)

Wattled Starling (Creatophora cinerea)
Rosy Starling (Pastor roseus) [Rare/Accidental]
Violet-backed Starling (Cinnyricinclus leucogaster)
Red-winged Starling (Onychognathus morio)
Sharpe’s Starling (Pholia sharpii)
Hildebrandt’s Starling (Lamprotornis hildebrandti)
Rüppell’s Starling (Lamprotornis purpuroptera)
Superb Starling (Lamprotornis superbus)
Greater Blue-eared Starling (Lamprotornis chalybaeus)

78. Turdidae (Thrushes and Allies)

Abyssinian Thrush (Turdus abyssinicus)
African Bare-eyed Thrush (Turdus tephronotus)

79. Muscicapidae (Old World Flycatchers)

African Dusky Flycatcher (Muscicapa adusta)
Spotted Flycatcher (Muscicapa striata)
African Gray Flycatcher (Bradornis microrhynchus)
Pale Flycatcher (Agricola pallidus)
Southern Black-Flycatcher (Melaenornis pammelaina)
White-eyed Slaty-Flycatcher (Melaenornis fischeri)
Rufous-tailed Scrub-Robin (Cercotrichas galactotes)
Brown-backed Scrub-Robin (Cercotrichas hartlaubi)
Red-backed Scrub-Robin (Cercotrichas leucophrys)
Cape Robin-Chat (Cossypha caffra)
Rüppell’s Robin-Chat (Cossypha semirufa)
Spotted Morning-Thrush (Cichladusa guttata)
White-starred Robin (Pogonocichla stellata)
White-throated Robin (Irania gutturalis)
Thrush Nightingale (Luscinia luscinia)
Common Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos)
Common Redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus)
Rufous-tailed Rock-Thrush (Monticola saxatilis)
Whinchat (Saxicola rubetra)
African Stonechat (Saxicola torquatus)
Mocking Cliff-Chat (Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris)
Northern Anteater-Chat (Myrmecocichla aethiops)
Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe)
Capped Wheatear (Oenanthe pileata)
Isabelline Wheatear (Oenanthe isabellina)
Pied Wheatear (Oenanthe pleschanka)

80. Nectariniidae (Sunbirds and Spiderhunters)

Eastern Violet-backed Sunbird (Anthreptes orientalis)
Collared Sunbird (Hedydipna collaris)
Green-headed Sunbird (Cyanomitra verticalis)
Amethyst Sunbird (Chalcomitra amethystina)
Scarlet-chested Sunbird (Chalcomitra senegalensis)
Bronze Sunbird (Nectarinia kilimensis)
Malachite Sunbird (Nectarinia famosa)
Golden-winged Sunbird (Drepanorhynchus reichenowi)
Northern Double-collared Sunbird (Cinnyris reichenowi)
Eastern Double-collared Sunbird (Cinnyris mediocris)
Beautiful Sunbird (Cinnyris pulchellus)
Marico Sunbird (Cinnyris mariquensis)
Variable Sunbird (Cinnyris venustus)

81. Ploceidae (Weavers and Allies)

Red-billed Buffalo-Weaver (Bubalornis niger)
White-headed Buffalo-Weaver (Dinemellia dinemelli)
Speckle-fronted Weaver (Sporopipes frontalis)
White-browed Sparrow-Weaver (Plocepasser mahali)
Gray-headed Social-Weaver (Pseudonigrita arnaudi)
Red-headed Weaver (Anaplectes rubriceps)
Baglafecht Weaver (Ploceus baglafecht)
Spectacled Weaver (Ploceus ocularis)
Holub’s Golden-Weaver (Ploceus xanthops)
Lesser Masked-Weaver (Ploceus intermedius)
Vitelline Masked-Weaver (Ploceus vitellinus)
Speke’s Weaver (Ploceus spekei)
Village Weaver (Ploceus cucullatus)
Black-headed Weaver (Ploceus melanocephalus)
Chestnut Weaver (Ploceus rubiginosus)
Cardinal Quelea (Quelea cardinalis)
Red-billed Quelea (Quelea quelea)
Southern Red Bishop (Euplectes orix)
Yellow-crowned Bishop (Euplectes afer)
Yellow Bishop (Euplectes capensis)
White-winged Widowbird (Euplectes albonotatus)
Red-cowled Widowbird (Euplectes laticauda)
Jackson’s Widowbird (Euplectes jacksoni) [Near-threatened]
Grosbeak Weaver (Amblyospiza albifrons)

82. Estrildidae (Waxbills and Allies)

Gray-headed Silverbill (Spermestes griseicapilla)
Bronze Mannikin (Spermestes cucullata)
Black-and-white Mannikin (Spermestes bicolor)
African Silverbill (Euodice cantans)
Yellow-bellied Waxbill (Coccopygia quartinia)
Black-faced Waxbill (Brunhilda erythronotos)
Common Waxbill (Estrilda astrild)
Crimson-rumped Waxbill (Estrilda rhodopyga)
Quailfinch (Ortygospiza atricollis)
Cut-throat (Amadina fasciata)
Zebra Waxbill (Amandava subflava)
Purple Grenadier (Granatina ianthinogaster)
Red-cheeked Cordonbleu (Uraeginthus bengalus)
Blue-capped Cordonbleu (Uraeginthus cyanocephalus)
Green-winged Pytilia (Pytilia melba)
Red-billed Firefinch (Lagonosticta senegala)
African Firefinch (Lagonosticta rubricata)

83. Viduidae (Indigobirds)

Pin-tailed Whydah (Vidua macroura)
Eastern Paradise-Whydah (Vidua paradisaea)
Steel-blue Whydah (Vidua hypocherina)
Straw-tailed Whydah (Vidua fischeri)
Village Indigobird (Vidua chalybeata)
Parasitic Weaver (Anomalospiza imberbis)

84. Passeridae (Old World Sparrows)

House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) [Introduced species]
Kenya Rufous Sparrow (Passer rufocinctus)
Northern Gray-headed Sparrow (Passer griseus)
Parrot-billed Sparrow (Passer gongonensis)
Chestnut Sparrow (Passer eminibey)
Yellow-spotted Bush Sparrow (Gymnoris pyrgita)

85. Motacillidae (Wagtails and Pipits)

Cape Wagtail (Motacilla capensis)
Mountain Wagtail (Motacilla clara)
Western Yellow Wagtail (Motacilla flava)
African Pied Wagtail (Motacilla aguimp)
African Pipit (Anthus cinnamomeus)
Long-billed Pipit (Anthus similis)
Tree Pipit (Anthus trivialis)
Red-throated Pipit (Anthus cervinus)
Yellow-throated Longclaw (Macronyx croceus)
Pangani Longclaw (Macronyx aurantiigula)
Rosy-throated Longclaw (Macronyx ameliae)

86. Fringillidae (Finches, Euphonias, and Allies)

African Citril (Crithagra citrinelloides)
Western Citril (Crithagra frontalis) [Rare/Accidental]
Reichenow’s Seedeater (Crithagra reichenowi)
White-bellied Canary (Crithagra dorsostriata)
Southern Grosbeak-Canary (Crithagra buchanani)
Brimstone Canary (Crithagra sulphurata)
Streaky Seedeater (Crithagra striolata)
Yellow-crowned Canary (Serinus flavivertex)

87. Emberizidae (Old World Buntings)

Golden-breasted Bunting (Emberiza flaviventris)
Somali Bunting (Emberiza poliopleura)
Cinnamon-breasted Bunting (Emberiza tahapisi)

Are there birds endemic to NNP?

There are no bird species endemic to Nairobi National Park (NNP). According to the Avibase – Bird Checklists of the World for Nairobi National Park, the park does not host any species that are strictly endemic to this region. This means that all the bird species found in NNP can also be seen in other regions of Kenya or Africa.

Are there rare migratory birds here?

Yes, Nairobi National Park (NNP) is home to several rare migratory bird species. These species visit the park seasonally, often as part of their long-distance migrations across continents. Some notable rare migratory birds in NNP include:

Black-winged Pratincole (Glareola nordmanni) – Near-threatened and rare in the park.
Pectoral Sandpiper (Calidris melanotos) – Considered rare/accidental in Nairobi National Park.
Red Phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius) – A rare accidental visitor.
Rosy Starling (Pastor roseus) – A rare or accidental migrant in the park.
Black-tailed Godwit (Limosa limosa) – Near-threatened and a rare migratory visitor.
Great Snipe (Gallinago media) – Near-threatened, with occasional sightings during migration.
Curlew Sandpiper (Calidris ferruginea) – Near-threatened and a migratory species that passes through.

These birds are seen primarily during migration seasons, contributing to the park’s biodiversity, especially for birdwatchers interested in migratory and rare species.

Which birds are most common to see during a regular game drive at the park

During a regular game drive at Nairobi National Park, birdwatchers can spot many common and iconic bird species. Some of the most frequently seen birds include:

Superb Starling (Lamprotornis superbus) – Easily identifiable by its bright, iridescent plumage, this bird is very common in the park.
Lilac-breasted Roller (Coracias caudatus) – A strikingly colorful bird often seen perched along roadsides or flying across the savannah.
African Fish-Eagle (Icthyophaga vocifer) – Known for its distinct call and often spotted near water bodies hunting for fish.
Augur Buzzard (Buteo augur) – A large bird of prey commonly seen soaring or perched on trees, scanning for prey.
White-browed Coucal (Centropus superciliosus) – A common bird often heard before seen, due to its loud and distinctive call.
Helmeted Guineafowl (Numida meleagris) – These ground-dwelling birds are often seen in large flocks foraging along the road or in open areas.
Secretarybird (Sagittarius serpentarius) – A large raptor that can be spotted walking through the grasslands in search of snakes and other prey.
Crowned Lapwing (Vanellus coronatus) – Common around open grasslands, they are easily spotted with their striking crown pattern and distinct call.
Speckled Pigeon (Columba guinea) – Often seen near human settlements within or near the park.
African Grey Hornbill (Lophoceros nasutus) – Commonly seen perched on trees or flying across open savannahs.

These species are commonly encountered due to their widespread distribution and adaptable habits within the park’s various habitats, from open grasslands to riverine areas. Birdwatchers and safari-goers can enjoy regular sightings of these birds during most game drives.

Which are the rare birds at NNP

Nairobi National Park is home to several rare bird species, some of which are either difficult to spot due to their elusive nature or are classified as rare due to their conservation status. Here are some of the rare birds that can be found in the park:

1. Shoebill (Balaeniceps rex) – [Vulnerable]

This rare and unique bird is known for its large, shoe-shaped bill. It is a rare visitor to Nairobi National Park and is typically found in swampy areas. Spotting a Shoebill is considered a special event.

2. Greater Spotted Eagle (Clanga clanga) – [Vulnerable]

A rare migrant to the park, the Greater Spotted Eagle is seen occasionally, especially during the migration season. It is globally listed as vulnerable and is difficult to observe.

3. Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus) – [Endangered]

This endangered vulture species is a rare sight in the park. Vultures, in general, are declining across Africa, and the Egyptian Vulture is one of the rarest to spot.

4. Hooded Vulture (Necrosyrtes monachus) – [Critically Endangered]

Though vultures are common in the park, the Hooded Vulture is rarely seen due to its critically endangered status. Conservation efforts are crucial for this species’ survival.

5. Lappet-faced Vulture (Torgos tracheliotos) – [Endangered]

Another vulture species that is rare due to its endangered status. This large, powerful vulture is occasionally spotted scavenging in the park.

6. Rüppell’s Griffon (Gyps rueppelli) – [Critically Endangered]

This critically endangered vulture is rarely seen in the park, though it may occasionally be found soaring in search of food.

7. White-headed Vulture (Trigonoceps occipitalis) – [Critically Endangered]

One of the rarest vultures to be seen in the park, the White-headed Vulture is critically endangered and is infrequently sighted.

8. Black-winged Pratincole (Glareola nordmanni) – [Near Threatened]

This rare migrant species is classified as near-threatened. While it visits the park during migration, sightings are uncommon.

9. Lesser Flamingo (Phoeniconaias minor) – [Near Threatened]

Though flamingos are not uncommon in Kenya, the Lesser Flamingo is classified as near-threatened and is a rare sight in Nairobi National Park.

10. Basra Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus griseldis) – [Endangered]

This endangered warbler species is a rare migrant in the park. It breeds in the Middle East and winters in East Africa, but sightings are infrequent.

11. Great Snipe (Gallinago media) – [Near Threatened]

The Great Snipe is a rare visitor during the migration period and is classified as near-threatened. It’s an elusive bird, making sightings very special.

12. Black-faced Sandgrouse (Pterocles decoratus)

This bird is relatively rare in Nairobi National Park, usually requiring some effort to spot, as sandgrouse are generally well camouflaged and difficult to observe.

13. Pectoral Sandpiper (Calidris melanotos) – [Rare/Accidental]

This bird is considered rare or accidental, meaning its appearance in the park is infrequent and unpredictable, making it a prized sighting for birdwatchers.

14. Red Phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius) – [Rare/Accidental]

Another rare or accidental visitor, this bird is difficult to spot and rarely seen in the park.

These birds add an element of rarity and excitement for birdwatchers visiting Nairobi National Park, making the chance to observe them all the more special. Many of them are under significant conservation concern, highlighting the importance of habitat protection within the park.

Conservation Status of Birds at NNP

Despite the rich diversity, several bird species at NNP face significant conservation challenges. In terms of global conservation status, NNP is home to:

Critically Endangered (CR) species: These species are on the brink of extinction in the wild. Examples include vultures such as the White-backed Vulture (Gyps africanus) and Rüppell’s Griffon (Gyps rueppelli), both of which are facing severe declines due to poisoning, habitat loss, and human-wildlife conflict. Immediate conservation action is crucial to prevent their extinction.
Endangered (EN) species: These species are at a high risk of extinction, including birds like the Secretarybird (Sagittarius serpentarius) and Lappet-faced Vulture (Torgos tracheliotos). The key threats to these species are habitat degradation and human encroachment, which diminish their breeding and feeding grounds.
Vulnerable (VU) species: Birds such as the Greater Spotted Eagle (Clanga clanga) and Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis) fall into this category, facing threats like shrinking migratory corridors and poisoning. Although not as imminently at risk as CR or EN species, these species still require protective measures to prevent further declines.
Near Threatened (NT) species: Species like the Pallid Harrier (Circus macrourus) and Curlew Sandpiper (Calidris ferruginea) are close to meeting the criteria for being threatened. While they are not immediately in danger, proactive conservation efforts are necessary to halt their decline and maintain their populations.
Rare or accidental species: Several bird species are categorized as rare or accidental, meaning they are infrequently observed or not native to NNP but occasionally migrate through the area. These include birds like the Pectoral Sandpiper (Calidris melanotos), which adds to the park’s ecological value as a migratory stopover.

Key Threats to Bird Conservation at NNP

The park’s close proximity to Nairobi city and its surrounding urban developments exerts immense pressure on bird habitats. Key threats include habitat encroachment due to infrastructure expansion, pollution, and human-wildlife conflict. Vultures, for example, are highly vulnerable to poisoning from human-animal conflict and the illegal wildlife trade, which directly threatens their survival. Additionally, climate change is altering the patterns of migratory birds, impacting their breeding and feeding success.